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Art is the art of humanity. To systematically understand art, the only method is to understand humanity.Thousands of years of civilization history tell us that the most elusive subject for humanity is itself. In the process of historical evolution, humanity, faced with its own uncertainties, has enacted monumental tragedies marked by sorrow and bloodshed. It has also experienced acts of compassion and self-sacrifice that moved heaven and earth. Intertwined within these are countless tales of love and hate, both epic and ordinary, forming the tapestry of human existence. Standing amidst the winds of history, one cannot help but marvel at humanity's complexity and variability. If one were to insist on seeking constancy in humanity, it might only be found in its perpetual state of change—a trait that defines impermanence itself.
Human beings are inherently social creatures. On Earth, human society has indisputably become one of the most intricately organized, vast, and subtly interconnected groups.
Given humanity's complexity, how can it be truly understood? When faced with the boundless, chaotic river of history, the only recourse is to distill it into categories and segments. For example, in Eastern traditions, we have the concepts of "heaven's timing, earth's advantage, and human harmony," while in the West, there are discussions of reason, divinity, and humanity. These tripartite frameworks align closely with humanity's material life, spiritual soul, and emotional nature.
In this way, a glimmer of light emerges amidst the chaos. When confronted with the complex and ever-changing chaos of humanity, we can examine it through dimensions such as reason, faith, and emotion. Among these, reason represents cognitive ability, requiring methodological guidance and the capacities for thinking, discerning, and choosing—abilities honed through trial and error.
Regardless of the achievements of human civilization, the cost of mistakes and missteps has always been steep and painful. Reflection and correction often remain superficial, merely scratching the surface. This underscores humanity's profound lack of understanding of itself. Pure reason, in particular, can easily devolve into subjective arrogance and blind delusion, making human catastrophes an inevitable destiny.
Yet, life demands we press forward with heads held high. In the darkness of ignorance, humanity yearns for guiding lights, for words of encouragement. Even a well-intentioned falsehood can carry spiritual value. The power of the human spirit lies in its ability to create something out of nothing. Faith arises to fulfill the intrinsic needs of the spirit, serving as a pillar of the soul. However, when humanity surrenders its soul entirely to faith, the solace it brings often transforms into a means of manipulation, leading to large-scale fanaticism, mutual slaughter, and turmoil. Thus, faith too must have its boundaries.
Emotion, on the other hand, is the psychological response to external stimuli, manifested in a spectrum of complex outward reactions. Its defining characteristic is its variability. However, unlike reason and faith, emotion remains a stabilizing force in human civilization—it neither evolves nor requires progress.
It is paradoxical that reason, divinity, and humanity can coexist within a single individual, yet they often struggle to reconcile with one another. Their relationships are often antagonistic, marked by mutual restraint and negation. For instance, the advancement of reason often undermines divinity and humanity, and vice versa. From the dawn of primitive society through the awakening and revival of reason, the rise and reform of religion, and the long passage of history, the tug-of-war between these three forces has remained a constant dynamic.
In the modern era, recognizing their inherent interdependence as a trinity, humanity has begun to confront the need for coexistence and sought pathways to balance through tolerance. This has led to significant achievements in civilization, such as grounding reason in the secular world by placing power within constraints; relegating divinity to the soul through the separation of church and state; and allowing humanity to pursue self-expression and individual value while curbing its darker impulses with law and morality to prevent degeneration into malevolence.
This evolving, pluralistic, and highly uncertain society raises the question: why not eliminate uncertainty altogether? The answer is self-evident. All efforts by humanity to establish absolute certainty have unleashed true evils, plunging it into the abyss of anti-humanity. Perhaps the capacity for error, tolerance of mistakes, and pathways for correction are precisely the optimal balance for the coexistence of reason, divinity, and humanity in their current state.
The extent to which one understands humanity is the extent to which one understands art.Art, ultimately, is the essence of humanity's life, soul, and nature.
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